Takehiko Hiraga, Tomonori Miyazaki, Miki Tasaka and Hidehiro Yoshida
doi:10.1038/nature09685
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7327/abs/nature09685.html
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7327/full/nature09685.html

Subtypes of medulloblastoma have distinct developmental origins pp1095  - 1099
Medulloblastomas are the most common malignant childhood brain tumours  and are thought to arise from the cerebellum. There is substantial  heterogeneity among medulloblastomas and some are thought to arise  following aberrant Sonic Hedgehog pathway activation. It is now shown  that a distinct subtype of medulloblastoma arises from the dorsal  brainstem and is associated with altered WNT signalling. Distinct  molecular and clinical profiles of the subtypes have implications for  future treatment.
Paul Gibson et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09587
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7327/abs/nature09587.html
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7327/full/nature09587.html

mTORC1 controls fasting-induced ketogenesis and its modulation by  ageing pp1100 - 1104
During periods of fasting the liver produces ketone bodies, which the  peripheral tissues can use as a source of energy. Here it is shown  that fasting inhibits multi-component mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) in the  liver. Inhibition of mTORC1 is required for activation of PPARα, a  master regulator that switches on genes involved in ketogenesis.  Livers from aged mice have increased mTORC1 signalling, reduced PPARα  activity, and reduced ketone production. The observation that mTORC1  promotes an ageing phenotype in the liver fits well with the  observation that inhibition of this pathway increases lifespan in  several organisms.
Shomit Sengupta et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09584
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7327/abs/nature09584.html
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7327/full/nature09584.html

The histone variant macroH2A suppresses melanoma progression through  regulation of CDK8 pp1105 - 1109
The histone variant mH2A is shown to be expressed at reduced levels in  many melanomas. Loss of mH2A promotes tumour growth and metastasis via  transcriptional upregulation of CDK8, a known oncogene. This study  therefore reveals a new tumour suppression mechanism exerted by  epigenetic modifications.
The histone variant mH2A is shown to be expressed at reduced levels in  many melanomas. Loss of mH2A promotes tumour growth and metastasis via  transcriptional upregulation of CDK8, a known oncogene. This study  therefore reveals a new tumour suppression mechanism exerted by  epigenetic modifications.
Avnish Kapoor et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09590
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7327/abs/nature09590.html
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7327/full/nature09590.html

Planar polarized actomyosin contractile flows control epithelial  junction remodelling pp1110 - 1114
Here, germ-band extension in Drosophila is studied in which epithelial  cells undergo an ordered process of intercalation resulting in tissue  extension through remodelling of cell junctions. Cell junction  shrinkage is driven by polarized flow of medial Myosin-II pulses  towards junctions which organizes the whole process of intercalation.  The flow of Myosin II is driven by the polarized distribution of E- cadherin complexes at adherens junctions. Thus, epithelial  morphogenesis is driven by polarized contractile actomyosin flows  emerging from interactions between E-cadherin and actomyosin networks.
Matteo Rauzi, Pierre-François Lenne and Thomas Lecuit
doi:10.1038/nature09566
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7327/abs/nature09566.html
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v468/n7327/full/nature09566.html

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