Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v469/n7330/abs/nature09711.html
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v469/n7330/full/nature09711.html

Identification of two genes causing reinforcement in the Texas  wildflower Phlox drummondii pp411 - 414
This study provides molecular insights into barriers to gene flow  during the formation of species. The study identifies cis-regulatory  mutations in two genes that cause a flower-colour change in the Texas  wildflower Phlox drummondii and are part of the anthocyanin  biosynthetic pathway. Flowers of plants that carry one of each  mutation are of intermediate colour and therefore less frequently  pollinated by insects, contributing to prezygotic as well as  postzygotic isolation.
Robin Hopkins and Mark D. Rausher
doi:10.1038/nature09641
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v469/n7330/abs/nature09641.html
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v469/n7330/full/nature09641.html

Paneth cells constitute the niche for Lgr5 stem cells in intestinal  crypts pp415 - 418
Multipotent stem cells expressing Lgr5 are known to generate all cell  types of the intestinal epithelium (enterocytes, goblet cells, Paneth  cells and enteroendocrine cells). A new study shows that Paneth cells  have an essential role for intestinal crypt and stem cell maintenance  by supplying essential niche signals to the Lgr5-expressing cells.
Toshiro Sato et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09637
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v469/n7330/abs/nature09637.html
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v469/n7330/full/nature09637.html

Reduction of disulphide bonds unmasks potent antimicrobial activity of  human β-defensin 1 pp419 - 423
This paper shows that the activity of human beta-defensin 1 is  regulated by its redox status, with enhanced antibiotic killing  activity under reducing conditions as they are found in the distal  colon. This is believed to serve to protect the healthy intestinal  epithelium against potentially harmful colonization by commensal  bacteria and opportunistic fungi. In vitro evidence implicates  thioredoxin as the likely reducing agent.
Bjoern O. Schroeder et al.
doi:10.1038/nature09674
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v469/n7330/abs/nature09674.html
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v469/n7330/full/nature09674.html

Atomic-level modelling of the HIV capsid pp424 - 427
The HIV virion has a cone-shaped core composed of capsid proteins,  which take either pentameric or hexameric form. The crystal structure  of the capsid hexamer had been solved previously. Now the structure of  the pentamer is provided, which allows the proposal of the first  atomic-level model of the mature HIV capsid.
Owen Pornillos, Barbie K. Ganser-Pornillos and Mark Yeager
doi:10.1038/nature09640
Abstract: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v469/n7330/abs/nature09640.html
Article: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v469/n7330/full/nature09640.html

X-ray structures of general anaesthetics bound to a pentameric ligand- gated ion channel pp428 - 431
The mechanism of action of general anaesthetics is poorly understood,  although there is some evidence that their principal protein targets  are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (pLGICs). Here, the X-ray  crystal structures of propofol and desflurane bound to a bacterial  homologue of the pLGIC family are solved. The structures reveal a  common binding site for these two anaesthetics in the upper part of  the transmembrane domain of each protomer.

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